Which of the following pest management techniques is proactive rather than reactive?

Crop rotation is considered a proactive pest management technique because it involves planning and implementing changes to the cropping system to disrupt pest life cycles before they become a significant problem. By rotating crops, farmers can interrupt the habitats and food sources that specific pests rely upon, reducing their populations and preventing damage before it occurs.

This method also enhances soil health and nutrient availability, making it a beneficial practice for overall crop productivity. It encourages a balanced ecosystem, which can lead to a natural decline in pest populations. In contrast, the use of insecticides is reactive, addressing pest issues once damage has already been identified. Pheromone trapping and field monitoring are also considered more reactive, as they involve monitoring existing pest populations and responding as needed, rather than preventing the issue through proactive measures like crop rotation.