What is usually the most important factor in deciding when to plant crops?

The most important factor in deciding when to plant crops is typically soil moisture. Adequate soil moisture is crucial for seed germination and the establishment of young plants. If the soil is too dry, seeds may not germinate properly, which can lead to poor crop yields. Additionally, moisture levels impact nutrient availability and microbial activity in the soil, both of which are essential for healthy plant growth.

Although soil temperature, pest activity, and the time of year are also important considerations, they often do not have as direct an impact on the success of planting as soil moisture does. For instance, even if the soil temperature is suitable and it's the correct time of year for planting, insufficient moisture can lead to crop failure. Therefore, ensuring that the soil has adequate moisture before planting is a critical step in successful crop establishment.