What is the best practice to improve soil infiltration?

Increasing surface residue is the best practice to improve soil infiltration because it enhances soil structure and promotes the formation of soil aggregates. When there is a layer of organic matter on the surface, it helps to protect the soil from direct rainfall, reducing compaction and surface sealing that can lead to water runoff.

Surface residues also promote the activity of soil organisms and contribute to the development of pore spaces within the soil, which facilitates better water movement and infiltration. Additionally, residues can improve moisture retention in the soil, further supporting plant growth and health.

In contrast, practices like compacting the soil or lowering organic matter content can lead to poorer infiltration rates, while deep tillage might disrupt soil structure temporarily, potentially leading to increased surface compaction over time. Therefore, increasing surface residue is a sustainable practice that effectively enhances soil health and infiltration capacity.